3 Essential Main Parts Of Urdu Sentence Structure
Original blog post: https://ling-app.com/ur/urdu-sentence-structure/
Do you want insight into the Urdu Sentence structure to learn Urdu? Having enough vocabulary might motivate you to speak but your unorganized sentences might shatter your confidence. To avoid such a situation, we bring you an ultimate guide on the Urdu language which you can follow and make new sentences every day!
Basic Urdu Sentence Structure
Have you ever planned to cook delicious food for your family but without knowing clear instructions and ingredients you are unable to achieve your final dish? Similarly, if you want to become a master and achieve excellence in any language, you have to first focus on the mandatory tools. Just like other languages, the Urdu Language also consists of certain tools which bring it to completion. The first thing you have to understand when you start learning the Urdu language is the Urdu Sentence structure and its word order to enhance your grammar.
Like many other languages, Urdu also consists of a specific sentence structure. The Urdu language doesn’t follow the subject-verb-object (Subject + Verb + Object) in sentence formation.
Instead, the Urdu word order adopts the sentence structure with a sequence of SOV (Subject + Item + Action). Below is a description of the synthetic Urdu structure. Here is the basic structure of Urdu sentences:
SOV Word Order
Subject +Object Verbs are a very common order of words in the Urdu language. To fully understand the above point we can look at the example below.
وہ کھانا کھا رہی ہے
As Urdu is written from right to left, you will read it to see the structure of the SOV. For further clarification, we have included the translation of the letters of the same sentence, as well as the appropriate marking of the place.
woh khana kha rahi hai. (S O V) meaning “She is eating food.”
The Subject
Fael (فاعل) in Urdu means “subject”. If you want to become a fluent Urdu student and speaker, in sentences it’s important to mention the subject. Applying subjects at all times will keep your sentence formation clear, and this will help you and your spokesperson to clearly understand everything without any mistakes.
Examples
- وہ بس چلاتا ہے۔ (Woh bus chalta hai.) meaning He drives the bus.
- بس چلائیں (Bus chalai) meaning Drive a bus.
The first sentence has a subject, i.e. وہ (woh), which makes the sentence clear. However, the removal of the subject from the second Urdu sentence makes the structure of the sentence more vague or awful.
SOV Word Order
Feal, fail, and mafool are the most appropriate Urdu words that mean “subject,” “action,” and “object,” respectively. فاعل — مفعول — فعل (Subject + Object + Action), as discussed above, is the most effective and applicable word order in Urdu sentences.
Subject Verb Agreement In The Urdu Language
“Verbs,” are an important element of an Urdu sentence. Urdu verbs always start with the subject and sentence in Urdu grammar. Like English sentences, a subject in Urdu will determine the type of verb. Here below we have a contrast of English and Urdu sentences in word order which bring better understanding.
“He plays with a football”
We will translate this into Urdu Language, then we have to transfer the word order to SOV. So the Urdu translation is like this:
وہ فٹ بال سے کھیلتا ہے۔ (Woh football se khelta hai.) follows an S O V word order.
Modal Verbs To Ask For Permission
“May”
کیا میں اندر آ سکتا ہوں؟ (Kya mein ander aa sakta hu?) meaning “May I come in”?
“Can”
کیا میں یہاں کھیل سکتا ہوں؟ (Kya mein yaha khel sakta hu?) meaning “Can I play here”?
Modal Verbs To Express Ability
“Be Able To”
وہ وقت پر کام کر سکے گا۔ (wo waqt per kaam kar sakay ga) meaning “He is able to work on time”.
“Could”
وہ غریب بچے کی مدد کر سکتے تھے۔ (wo ghareeb bachay ki madad kar saktay thay) meaning “They could help a poor child”
Urdu Verb Conjunction
As an Urdu reader, you are curious to know about compound actions, which allow you to apply verbs correctly in any sentence, so let’s take a look below.
Preparing Urdu Sentences
So far in the above example, you get some idea regarding Urdu grammar and the formation of words in Urdu linguistics. So now we will further proceed to add more features in forming Urdu sentences.
Pronouns are the elements that are important for the construction of Urdu sentences. Urdu Pronoun may cause conjunctions in forming sentences so while you mention it in your sentence you should be careful.
While you work with noun pronouns, you should keep in view not to replace their positions in Urdu Sentence.
- وہ دفتر جاتی ہے۔ (Woh daftar jati hai.) meaning “She goes to the office”.
- ہم دفتر جاتے ہیں۔ (Hum daftar jate hai.) meaning “We go to the office”.
However, the Urdu word order will exactly remain the same in the sentences. It never matters what type of pronoun you are using, the order in which Urdu words are changed will not change.
Placing Adjectives In Urdu Sentences
Adjectives make a sentence more interesting by adding words with a noun in the sentence. Let’s take a look at the sentences below and understand how and where adjectives are placed in Urdu sentences.
Adjectives are placed in the front of nouns in Urdu sentences.
- نیلا فراک (Neela faraak) meaning Blue frock
- گندی گلی (Gandi Galli) meaning Dirty Street
- خوبصورت موسم (Khoobsurat Mosam) meaning beautiful weather
- وہ نیلے رنگ کا فراک پہنتی ہے۔ (Wo neelay rang ka farak pehenti hai) meaning “She wears a blue frock”.
Placing Adverbs In Urdu Sentences
In Urdu, placing verbs, or adverbs provides clarity in a sentence. Let’s understand the examples below.
- میں اچھی طرح چلتا ہوں۔ (Mei achi tarha chalta hon.) meaning “I walk well”.
- میں بہت اچھی طرح چلتا ہوں۔ (Mei bhoot achi tarha chalta hon.) meaning “I walk very well”.
- یہ پھل بہت میٹھے ہیں۔ (Yeh phaal bhoot meethei hai.) meaning “These fruits are so sweet”.
- In the previous sentence, اچھا (acha) refers to the verb. The second, بہت (bohat) exaggerates and emphasizes it more. The third, بہت (bohat) changes the adjective. You might notice one thing in every Urdu sentence,the adverbs are mentioned before the verb, adjective, or adverb.
Placing Prepositions In Urdu Sentences
Urdu pronouns usually express the linkage between a noun pronoun and other forms of a sentence. Here are some examples:
- بلی میز کے نیچے ہے. (Billi maiz ke nechei hai.) meaning “The cat is under the table”
- میں پارٹی میں جانا چاہتا ہوں لیکن میں مصروف ہوں۔ (Me party me jana chata hon par me bhoot masroof hon.) meaning “I want to go to the party but I’m busy.
- میں کل کے بعد آزاد ہوں۔ (Me kal ke baad azad hon) meaning “I’m free after tomorrow”.
Urdu Grammar
The structure of all languages depends on their grammar. Basic grammar comprehension allows learners to develop their understanding of listening and using language clearly and accurately. Urdu grammar also comprises certain tools just like English and other languages.
Urdu Noun
A noun is defined as the name of a person, place, thing, living creature, or any idea. Let’s look at some nouns in Urdu that you can use as a Subject:
Urdu Pronoun
A Pronoun is a word or a group of words that are used in place of a noun to avoid the repetition of words.
For example:
- اس نے کتاب پڑھی۔ (us ney kitaab parhi) meaning “He read the book”.
- وہ باغ میں کھیل رہے ہیں۔ (wo baagh mein khel rahay hain) meaning “They are playing in the garden”.
Basic Type Of Pronoun In Urdu Grammar
Here are three basic types of pronouns in Urdu grammar that you should know about!
- ضمیر متکلم (zameer mutkallam) — “first person”
- ضمیر حاضر (zameer hazir) — “second person”
- ضمیر غائب (zameer ghayab) — “third person”
Urdu Verbs
In Urdu grammar, the verb is more congested in replace of that we use an infinitive
Urdu infinitives end at (Na)
- کھیلنا (khelna) meaning Playing
- رونا (rona) meaning Crying
Urdu Gender
Gender always plays an important role in conjugating Urdu verbs (infinitives)
Male
میں کھیلتا ہوں۔ (Mein khelta hu) meaning I (male) play.
Female
وہ اپنی ماں کے ساتھ سوتی ہے۔ (wo apni maa key sah soti hai) meaning She sleeps with her mother.
Urdu Pronunciation
Use these points to improve your pronunciation
- Use voice recording tools to improve pronunciation.
- Practice in front of a mirror.
- Train your ear with the tongue.
- Get used to it, get used to it, and get used to it.
- Make friends with a native Urdu speaker.
- Take video lessons.
Wrapping Up
In this world of globalization, everyone is interconnected with each other. Tourists show great interest in observing things in the world and learning new things. If you want to visit the subcontinent to see the rich land and you want to learn the Urdu Language for that reason, then you visited the perfect article in which you can access all the details regarding the Urdu Language.
Learning the Urdu language and its sentence structure is not a difficult task. Here we mention proper guidance and steps which help you to enhance your vocabulary from the beginning to the pro level of the Urdu language. Ling App especially comes in handy at such moments. There is no Urdu on Babbel, and thus you know where to start learning Urdu.
Happy learning!
